Network Working Group J. Haas, Ed.
Request for Comments: 4273 S. Hares, Ed.
Obsoletes: 1269, 1657 NextHop Technologies
Category: Standards Track January 2006
Definitions of Managed Objects for BGP-4
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
Abstract
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
for use with network management protocols in the Internet community
In particular, it describes managed objects used for managing the
Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 or lower.
The origin of this memo is from RFC 1269 "Definitions of Managed
Objects for the Border Gateway Protocol (Version 3)", which was
updated to support BGP-4 in RFC 1657. This memo fixes errors
introduced when the MIB module was converted to use the SMIv2
language. This memo also updates references to the current SNMP
framework documents.
This memo is intended to document deployed implementations of this
MIB module in a historical context, to provide clarifications of some
items, and to note errors where the MIB module fails to fully
represent the BGP protocol. Work is currently in progress to replace
this MIB module with a new one representing the current state of the
BGP protocol and its extensions.
This document obsoletes RFC 1269 and RFC 1657.
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 1]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................2
2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework ......................2
3. Overview ........................................................2
4. Definitions .....................................................3
5. Security Considerations ........................................28
6. Acknowledgements ...............................................30
7. Normative References ...........................................31
1. Introduction
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
In particular, it describes managed objects used for managing the
Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 or lower [BGP4, BGP4APP].
This memo obsoletes RFC 1657 and RFC 1269.
2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework
For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
the Management Information Base or MIB. MIB objects are generally
accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
Structure of Management Information (SMI). This memo specifies a MIB
module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58,
RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
[RFC2580].
3. Overview
These objects are used to control and manage a BGP-4 implementation.
Apart from a few system-wide scalar objects, this MIB is broken into
three tables: the BGP Peer Table, the BGP Received Path Attribute
Table, and the BGP-4 Received Path Attribute Table. The BGP Peer
Table contains information about state and current activity of
connections with the BGP peers. The BGP Received Path Attribute
Table contains path attributes received from all peers running BGP
version 3 or less. The BGP-4 Received Path Attribute Table contains
path attributes received from all BGP-4 peers. The actual attributes
used in determining a route are a subset of the received attribute
tables after local routing policy has been applied.
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
4. Definitions
BGP4-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, NOTIFICATION-TYPE,
IpAddress, Integer32, Counter32, Gauge32, mib-2
FROM SNMPv2-SMI
MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP, NOTIFICATION-GROUP
FROM SNMPv2-CONF;
bgp MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "200601110000Z"
ORGANIZATION "IETF IDR Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO "E-mail: idr@ietf.org
Jeffrey Haas, Susan Hares (Editors)
NextHop Technologies
825 Victors Way
Suite 100
Ann Arbor, MI 48108-2738
Tel: +1 734 222-1600
Fax: +1 734 222-1602
E-mail: jhaas@nexthop.com
skh@nexthop.com"
DESCRIPTION
"The MIB module for the BGP-4 protocol.
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006). This
version of this MIB module is part of RFC 4273;
see the RFC itself for full legal notices."
REVISION "200601110000Z"
DESCRIPTION
"Changes from RFC 1657:
1) Fixed the definitions of the notifications
to make them equivalent to their initial
definition in RFC 1269.
2) Added compliance and conformance info.
3) Updated information for the values of
bgpPeerNegotiatedVersion, bgp4PathAttrLocalPref,
bgp4PathAttrCalcLocalPref,
bgp4PathAttrMultiExitDisc,
bgp4PathAttrASPathSegement.
4) Added additional clarification comments where
needed.
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 3]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
5) Noted where objects do not fully reflect
the protocol as Known Issues.
6) Updated the DESCRIPTION for the
bgp4PathAttrAtomicAggregate object.
7) The following objects have had their DESCRIPTION
clause modified to remove the text that suggested
(using 'should' verb) initializing the counter
to zero on a transition to the established state:
bgpPeerInUpdates, bgpPeerOutUpdates,
bgpPeerInTotalMessages, bgpPeerOutTotalMessages
Those implementations that still do this are
still compliant with this new wording.
Applications should not assume counters have
started at zero.
Published as RFC 4273."
REVISION "199405050000Z"
DESCRIPTION
"Translated to SMIv2 and published as RFC 1657."
REVISION "199110261839Z"
DESCRIPTION
"Initial version, published as RFC 1269."
::= { mib-2 15 }
bgpVersion OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (1..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Vector of supported BGP protocol version
numbers. Each peer negotiates the version
from this vector. Versions are identified
via the string of bits contained within this
object. The first octet contains bits 0 to
7, the second octet contains bits 8 to 15,
and so on, with the most significant bit
referring to the lowest bit number in the
octet (e.g., the MSB of the first octet
refers to bit 0). If a bit, i, is present
and set, then the version (i+1) of the BGP
is supported."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2."
::= { bgp 1 }
bgpLocalAs OBJECT-TYPE
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 4]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The local autonomous system number."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2, 'My Autonomous System'."
::= { bgp 2 }
-- BGP Peer table. This table contains, one entry per
-- BGP peer, information about the BGP peer.
bgpPeerTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF BgpPeerEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"BGP peer table. This table contains,
one entry per BGP peer, information about the
connections with BGP peers."
::= { bgp 3 }
bgpPeerEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BgpPeerEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Entry containing information about the
connection with a BGP peer."
INDEX { bgpPeerRemoteAddr }
::= { bgpPeerTable 1 }
BgpPeerEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
bgpPeerIdentifier
IpAddress,
bgpPeerState
INTEGER,
bgpPeerAdminStatus
INTEGER,
bgpPeerNegotiatedVersion
Integer32,
bgpPeerLocalAddr
IpAddress,
bgpPeerLocalPort
Integer32,
bgpPeerRemoteAddr
IpAddress,
bgpPeerRemotePort
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 5]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
Integer32,
bgpPeerRemoteAs
Integer32,
bgpPeerInUpdates
Counter32,
bgpPeerOutUpdates
Counter32,
bgpPeerInTotalMessages
Counter32,
bgpPeerOutTotalMessages
Counter32,
bgpPeerLastError
OCTET STRING,
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTransitions
Counter32,
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTime
Gauge32,
bgpPeerConnectRetryInterval
Integer32,
bgpPeerHoldTime
Integer32,
bgpPeerKeepAlive
Integer32,
bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured
Integer32,
bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured
Integer32,
bgpPeerMinASOriginationInterval
Integer32,
bgpPeerMinRouteAdvertisementInterval
Integer32,
bgpPeerInUpdateElapsedTime
Gauge32
}
bgpPeerIdentifier OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The BGP Identifier of this entry's BGP peer.
This entry MUST be 0.0.0.0 unless the
bgpPeerState is in the openconfirm or the
established state."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2, 'BGP Identifier'."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 1 }
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 6]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
bgpPeerState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
idle(1),
connect(2),
active(3),
opensent(4),
openconfirm(5),
established(6)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The BGP peer connection state."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 8.2.2."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 2 }
bgpPeerAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
stop(1),
start(2)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The desired state of the BGP connection.
A transition from 'stop' to 'start' will cause
the BGP Manual Start Event to be generated.
A transition from 'start' to 'stop' will cause
the BGP Manual Stop Event to be generated.
This parameter can be used to restart BGP peer
connections. Care should be used in providing
write access to this object without adequate
authentication."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 8.1.2."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 3 }
bgpPeerNegotiatedVersion OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The negotiated version of BGP running between
the two peers.
This entry MUST be zero (0) unless the
bgpPeerState is in the openconfirm or the
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 7]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
established state.
Note that legal values for this object are
between 0 and 255."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2.
RFC 4271, Section 7."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 4 }
bgpPeerLocalAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The local IP address of this entry's BGP
connection."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 5 }
bgpPeerLocalPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The local port for the TCP connection between
the BGP peers."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 6 }
bgpPeerRemoteAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The remote IP address of this entry's BGP
peer."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 7 }
bgpPeerRemotePort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The remote port for the TCP connection
between the BGP peers. Note that the
objects bgpPeerLocalAddr,
bgpPeerLocalPort, bgpPeerRemoteAddr, and
bgpPeerRemotePort provide the appropriate
reference to the standard MIB TCP
connection table."
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 8]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
::= { bgpPeerEntry 8 }
bgpPeerRemoteAs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The remote autonomous system number received in
the BGP OPEN message."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 9 }
bgpPeerInUpdates OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of BGP UPDATE messages
received on this connection."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 10 }
bgpPeerOutUpdates OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of BGP UPDATE messages
transmitted on this connection."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 11 }
bgpPeerInTotalMessages OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of messages received
from the remote peer on this connection."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 12 }
bgpPeerOutTotalMessages OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 9]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of messages transmitted to
the remote peer on this connection."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 13 }
bgpPeerLastError OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (2))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The last error code and subcode seen by this
peer on this connection. If no error has
occurred, this field is zero. Otherwise, the
first byte of this two byte OCTET STRING
contains the error code, and the second byte
contains the subcode."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.5."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 14 }
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTransitions OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of times the BGP FSM
transitioned into the established state
for this peer."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 8."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 15 }
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Gauge32
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This timer indicates how long (in
seconds) this peer has been in the
established state or how long
since this peer was last in the
established state. It is set to zero when
a new peer is configured or when the router is
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 10]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
booted."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 8."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 16 }
bgpPeerConnectRetryInterval OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..65535)
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the
ConnectRetry timer. The suggested value
for this timer is 120 seconds."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 8.2.2. This is the value used
to initialize the 'ConnectRetryTimer'."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 17 }
bgpPeerHoldTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 ( 0 | 3..65535 )
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the Hold
Timer established with the peer. The
value of this object is calculated by this
BGP speaker, using the smaller of the
values in bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured and the
Hold Time received in the OPEN message.
This value must be at least three seconds
if it is not zero (0).
If the Hold Timer has not been established
with the peer this object MUST have a value
of zero (0).
If the bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured object has
a value of (0), then this object MUST have a
value of (0)."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 18 }
bgpPeerKeepAlive OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 ( 0 | 1..21845 )
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 11]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the KeepAlive
timer established with the peer. The value
of this object is calculated by this BGP
speaker such that, when compared with
bgpPeerHoldTime, it has the same proportion
that bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured has,
compared with bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured.
If the KeepAlive timer has not been established
with the peer, this object MUST have a value
of zero (0).
If the of bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured object
has a value of (0), then this object MUST have
a value of (0)."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.4."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 19 }
bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 ( 0 | 3..65535 )
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the Hold Time
configured for this BGP speaker with this
peer. This value is placed in an OPEN
message sent to this peer by this BGP
speaker, and is compared with the Hold
Time field in an OPEN message received
from the peer when determining the Hold
Time (bgpPeerHoldTime) with the peer.
This value must not be less than three
seconds if it is not zero (0). If it is
zero (0), the Hold Time is NOT to be
established with the peer. The suggested
value for this timer is 90 seconds."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2.
RFC 4271, Section 10."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 20 }
bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured OBJECT-TYPE
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 12]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
SYNTAX Integer32 ( 0 | 1..21845 )
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the
KeepAlive timer configured for this BGP
speaker with this peer. The value of this
object will only determine the
KEEPALIVE messages' frequency relative to
the value specified in
bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured; the actual
time interval for the KEEPALIVE messages is
indicated by bgpPeerKeepAlive. A
reasonable maximum value for this timer
would be one third of that of
bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured.
If the value of this object is zero (0),
no periodical KEEPALIVE messages are sent
to the peer after the BGP connection has
been established. The suggested value for
this timer is 30 seconds."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.4.
RFC 4271, Section 10."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 21 }
bgpPeerMinASOriginationInterval OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..65535)
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Time interval (in seconds) for the
MinASOriginationInterval timer.
The suggested value for this timer is 15
seconds."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 9.2.1.2.
RFC 4271, Section 10."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 22 }
bgpPeerMinRouteAdvertisementInterval OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..65535)
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 13]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
"Time interval (in seconds) for the
MinRouteAdvertisementInterval timer.
The suggested value for this timer is 30
seconds for EBGP connections and 5
seconds for IBGP connections."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 9.2.1.1.
RFC 4271, Section 10."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 23 }
bgpPeerInUpdateElapsedTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Gauge32
UNITS "seconds"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Elapsed time (in seconds) since the last BGP
UPDATE message was received from the peer.
Each time bgpPeerInUpdates is incremented,
the value of this object is set to zero (0)."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 8.2.2, Established state."
::= { bgpPeerEntry 24 }
bgpIdentifier OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The BGP Identifier of the local system."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.2."
::= { bgp 4 }
-- BGP Received Path Attribute Table. This table contains
-- one entry per path to a network, and path attributes
-- received from all peers running BGP version 3 or less.
-- This table is obsolete, having been replaced in
-- functionality by the bgp4PathAttrTable.
bgpRcvdPathAttrTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF BgpPathAttrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The BGP Received Path Attribute Table
contains information about paths to
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 14]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
destination networks, received from all
peers running BGP version 3 or less."
::= { bgp 5 }
bgpPathAttrEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BgpPathAttrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"Information about a path to a network."
INDEX { bgpPathAttrDestNetwork,
bgpPathAttrPeer }
::= { bgpRcvdPathAttrTable 1 }
BgpPathAttrEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
bgpPathAttrPeer
IpAddress,
bgpPathAttrDestNetwork
IpAddress,
bgpPathAttrOrigin
INTEGER,
bgpPathAttrASPath
OCTET STRING,
bgpPathAttrNextHop
IpAddress,
bgpPathAttrInterASMetric
Integer32
}
bgpPathAttrPeer OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The IP address of the peer where the path
information was learned."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 1 }
bgpPathAttrDestNetwork OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The address of the destination network."
REFERENCE
"RFC 1267, Section 4.3."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 2 }
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 15]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
bgpPathAttrOrigin OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
igp(1),-- networks are interior
egp(2),-- networks learned via the
-- EGP protocol
incomplete(3) -- networks that
-- are learned by some other
-- means
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The ultimate origin of the path information."
REFERENCE
"RFC 1267, Section 4.3.
RFC 1267, Section 5."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 3 }
bgpPathAttrASPath OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (2..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The set of ASes that must be traversed to reach
the network. This object is probably best
represented as SEQUENCE OF INTEGER. For SMI
compatibility, though, it is represented as
OCTET STRING. Each AS is represented as a pair
of octets according to the following algorithm:
first-byte-of-pair = ASNumber / 256;
second-byte-of-pair = ASNumber & 255;"
REFERENCE
"RFC 1267, Section 4.3.
RFC 1267, Section 5."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 4 }
bgpPathAttrNextHop OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The address of the border router that should
be used for the destination network."
REFERENCE
"RFC 1267, Section 4.3.
RFC 1267, Section 5."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 5 }
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 16]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
bgpPathAttrInterASMetric OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The optional inter-AS metric. If this
attribute has not been provided for this route,
the value for this object is 0."
REFERENCE
"RFC 1267, Section 4.3.
RFC 1267, Section 5."
::= { bgpPathAttrEntry 6 }
-- BGP-4 Received Path Attribute Table. This table
-- contains one entry per path to a network, and path
-- attributes received from all peers running BGP-4.
bgp4PathAttrTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Bgp4PathAttrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The BGP-4 Received Path Attribute Table
contains information about paths to
destination networks, received from all
BGP4 peers."
::= { bgp 6 }
bgp4PathAttrEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Bgp4PathAttrEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about a path to a network."
INDEX { bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefix,
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen,
bgp4PathAttrPeer }
::= { bgp4PathAttrTable 1 }
Bgp4PathAttrEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
bgp4PathAttrPeer
IpAddress,
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen
Integer32,
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefix
IpAddress,
bgp4PathAttrOrigin
INTEGER,
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 17]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
bgp4PathAttrASPathSegment
OCTET STRING,
bgp4PathAttrNextHop
IpAddress,
bgp4PathAttrMultiExitDisc
Integer32,
bgp4PathAttrLocalPref
Integer32,
bgp4PathAttrAtomicAggregate
INTEGER,
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAS
Integer32,
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAddr
IpAddress,
bgp4PathAttrCalcLocalPref
Integer32,
bgp4PathAttrBest
INTEGER,
bgp4PathAttrUnknown
OCTET STRING
}
bgp4PathAttrPeer OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The IP address of the peer where the path
information was learned."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 1 }
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..32)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Length in bits of the IP address prefix in
the Network Layer Reachability
Information field."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 2 }
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefix OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An IP address prefix in the Network Layer
Reachability Information field. This object
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 18]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
is an IP address containing the prefix with
length specified by
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen.
Any bits beyond the length specified by
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen are zeroed."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 3 }
bgp4PathAttrOrigin OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
igp(1),-- networks are interior
egp(2),-- networks learned via the
-- EGP protocol
incomplete(3) -- networks that
-- are learned by some other
-- means
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The ultimate origin of the path
information."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 5.1.1."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 4 }
bgp4PathAttrASPathSegment OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (2..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The sequence of AS path segments. Each AS
path segment is represented by a triple
<type, length, value>.
The type is a 1-octet field that has two
possible values:
1 AS_SET: unordered set of ASes that a
route in the UPDATE message
has traversed
2 AS_SEQUENCE: ordered set of ASes that
a route in the UPDATE message
has traversed.
The length is a 1-octet field containing the
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 19]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
number of ASes in the value field.
The value field contains one or more AS
numbers. Each AS is represented in the octet
string as a pair of octets according to the
following algorithm:
first-byte-of-pair = ASNumber / 256;
second-byte-of-pair = ASNumber & 255;
Known Issues:
o BGP Confederations will result in
a type of either 3 or 4.
o An AS Path may be longer than 255 octets.
This may result in this object containing
a truncated AS Path."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 5.1.2."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 5 }
bgp4PathAttrNextHop OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The address of the border router that
should be used for the destination
network. This address is the NEXT_HOP
address received in the UPDATE packet."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 5.1.3."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 6 }
bgp4PathAttrMultiExitDisc OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This metric is used to discriminate
between multiple exit points to an
adjacent autonomous system. A value of -1
indicates the absence of this attribute.
Known Issues:
o The BGP-4 specification uses an
unsigned 32 bit number. Thus, this
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 20]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
object cannot represent the full
range of the protocol."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 5.1.4."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 7 }
bgp4PathAttrLocalPref OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The originating BGP4 speaker's degree of
preference for an advertised route. A
value of -1 indicates the absence of this
attribute.
Known Issues:
o The BGP-4 specification uses an
unsigned 32 bit number and thus this
object cannot represent the full
range of the protocol."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 4.3.
RFC 4271, Section 5.1.5."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 8 }
bgp4PathAttrAtomicAggregate OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
lessSpecificRouteNotSelected(1),
-- Typo corrected from RFC 1657
lessSpecificRouteSelected(2)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"If the ATOMIC_AGGREGATE attribute is present
in the Path Attributes then this object MUST
have a value of 'lessSpecificRouteNotSelected'.
If the ATOMIC_AGGREGATE attribute is missing
in the Path Attributes then this object MUST
have a value of 'lessSpecificRouteSelected'.
Note that ATOMIC_AGGREGATE is now a primarily
informational attribute."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Sections 5.1.6 and 9.1.4."
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 21]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 9 }
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAS OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..65535)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The AS number of the last BGP4 speaker that
performed route aggregation. A value of
zero (0) indicates the absence of this
attribute.
Note that propagation of AS of zero is illegal
in the Internet."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 5.1.7.
RFC 4271, Section 9.2.2.2."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 10 }
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IpAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The IP address of the last BGP4 speaker
that performed route aggregation. A
value of 0.0.0.0 indicates the absence
of this attribute."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 5.1.7.
RFC 4271, Section 9.2.2.2."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 11 }
bgp4PathAttrCalcLocalPref OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The degree of preference calculated by the
receiving BGP4 speaker for an advertised
route. A value of -1 indicates the
absence of this attribute.
Known Issues:
o The BGP-4 specification uses an
unsigned 32 bit number and thus this
object cannot represent the full
range of the protocol."
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 22]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 9.1.1."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 12 }
bgp4PathAttrBest OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
false(1),-- not chosen as best route
true(2) -- chosen as best route
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An indication of whether this route
was chosen as the best BGP4 route for this
destination."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 9.1.2."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 13 }
bgp4PathAttrUnknown OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"One or more path attributes not understood by
this BGP4 speaker.
Path attributes are recorded in the Update Path
attribute format of type, length, value.
Size zero (0) indicates the absence of such
attributes.
Octets beyond the maximum size, if any, are not
recorded by this object.
Known Issues:
o Attributes understood by this speaker, but not
represented in this MIB, are unavailable to
the agent."
REFERENCE
"RFC 4271, Section 5."
::= { bgp4PathAttrEntry 14 }
-- Traps.
-- Note that in RFC 1657, bgpTraps was incorrectly
-- assigned a value of { bgp 7 } and each of the
-- traps had the bgpPeerRemoteAddr object inappropriately
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 23]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
-- removed from their OBJECTS clause. The following
-- definitions restore the semantics of the traps as
-- they were initially defined in RFC 1269.
bgpNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { bgp 0 }
bgpEstablishedNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS { bgpPeerRemoteAddr,
bgpPeerLastError,
bgpPeerState }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The bgpEstablishedNotification event is generated
when the BGP FSM enters the established state.
This Notification replaces the bgpEstablished
Notification."
::= { bgpNotification 1 }
bgpBackwardTransNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS { bgpPeerRemoteAddr,
bgpPeerLastError,
bgpPeerState }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The bgpBackwardTransNotification event is
generated when the BGP FSM moves from a higher
numbered state to a lower numbered state.
This Notification replaces the
bgpBackwardsTransition Notification."
::= { bgpNotification 2 }
-- { bgp 7 } is deprecated. Do not allocate new objects or
-- notifications underneath this branch.
bgpTraps OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { bgp 7 } -- deprecated
bgpEstablished NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS { bgpPeerLastError,
bgpPeerState }
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"The bgpEstablished event is generated when
the BGP FSM enters the established state.
This Notification has been replaced by the
bgpEstablishedNotification Notification."
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 24]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
::= { bgpTraps 1 }
bgpBackwardTransition NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS { bgpPeerLastError,
bgpPeerState }
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"The bgpBackwardTransition event is generated
when the BGP FSM moves from a higher numbered
state to a lower numbered state.
This Notification has been replaced by the
bgpBackwardTransNotification Notification."
::= { bgpTraps 2 }
-- Conformance information
bgp4MIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER
::= { bgp 8 }
bgp4MIBCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER
::= { bgp4MIBConformance 1 }
bgp4MIBGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER
::= { bgp4MIBConformance 2 }
-- Compliance statements
bgp4MIBCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement for entities which
implement the BGP4 mib."
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS { bgp4MIBGlobalsGroup,
bgp4MIBPeerGroup,
bgp4MIBPathAttrGroup }
GROUP bgp4MIBNotificationGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Implementation of BGP Notifications are
completely optional in this MIB."
::= { bgp4MIBCompliances 1 }
bgp4MIBDeprecatedCompliances MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement documenting deprecated
objects in the BGP4 mib."
MODULE -- this module
GROUP bgp4MIBTrapGroup
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 25]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
DESCRIPTION
"Group containing TRAP objects that were
improperly converted from SMIv1 in RFC 1657.
The proper semantics have been restored
with the objects in bgp4MIBNotificationGroup."
::= { bgp4MIBCompliances 2 }
bgp4MIBObsoleteCompliances MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement documenting obsolete
objects in the BGP4 mib."
MODULE -- this module
GROUP bgpRcvdPathAttrGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Group containing objects relevant to BGP-3
and earlier objects."
::= { bgp4MIBCompliances 3 }
-- Units of conformance
bgp4MIBGlobalsGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { bgpVersion,
bgpLocalAs,
bgpIdentifier }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing
information on global BGP state."
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 1 }
bgp4MIBPeerGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { bgpPeerIdentifier,
bgpPeerState,
bgpPeerAdminStatus,
bgpPeerNegotiatedVersion,
bgpPeerLocalAddr,
bgpPeerLocalPort,
bgpPeerRemoteAddr,
bgpPeerRemotePort,
bgpPeerRemoteAs,
bgpPeerInUpdates,
bgpPeerOutUpdates,
bgpPeerInTotalMessages,
bgpPeerOutTotalMessages,
bgpPeerLastError,
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTransitions,
bgpPeerFsmEstablishedTime,
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 26]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
bgpPeerConnectRetryInterval,
bgpPeerHoldTime,
bgpPeerKeepAlive,
bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured,
bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured,
bgpPeerMinASOriginationInterval,
bgpPeerMinRouteAdvertisementInterval,
bgpPeerInUpdateElapsedTime }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects for managing
BGP peers."
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 2 }
bgpRcvdPathAttrGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { bgpPathAttrPeer,
bgpPathAttrDestNetwork,
bgpPathAttrOrigin,
bgpPathAttrASPath,
bgpPathAttrNextHop,
bgpPathAttrInterASMetric }
STATUS obsolete
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects for managing BGP-3 and
earlier path entries.
This conformance group, like BGP-3, is obsolete."
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 3 }
bgp4MIBPathAttrGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { bgp4PathAttrPeer,
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefixLen,
bgp4PathAttrIpAddrPrefix,
bgp4PathAttrOrigin,
bgp4PathAttrASPathSegment,
bgp4PathAttrNextHop,
bgp4PathAttrMultiExitDisc,
bgp4PathAttrLocalPref,
bgp4PathAttrAtomicAggregate,
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAS,
bgp4PathAttrAggregatorAddr,
bgp4PathAttrCalcLocalPref,
bgp4PathAttrBest,
bgp4PathAttrUnknown }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects for managing
BGP path entries."
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 27]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 4 }
bgp4MIBTrapGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
NOTIFICATIONS { bgpEstablished,
bgpBackwardTransition }
STATUS deprecated
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of notifications for signaling
changes in BGP peer relationships.
Obsoleted by bgp4MIBNotificationGroup"
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 5 }
bgp4MIBNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
NOTIFICATIONS { bgpEstablishedNotification,
bgpBackwardTransNotification }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of notifications for signaling
changes in BGP peer relationships.
Obsoletes bgp4MIBTrapGroup."
::= { bgp4MIBGroups 6 }
END
5. Security Considerations
This MIB relates to a system providing inter-domain routing. As
such, improper manipulation of the objects represented by this MIB
may result in denial of service to a large number of end-users.
There are several management objects defined in this MIB that have a
MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create. Such objects
should be considered sensitive or vulnerable in most network
environments. The support for SET operations in a non-secure
environment without proper protection can have a negative effect on
network operations. These objects include:
o bgpPeerAdminStatus
Improper change of bgpPeerAdminStatus, from start to stop, can
cause significant disruption of the connectivity to those
portions of the Internet reached via the applicable remote BGP
peer.
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 28]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
o bgpPeerConnectRetryInterval
Improper change of this object can cause connections to be
disrupted for extremely long time periods when otherwise they
would be restored in a relatively short period of time.
o bgpPeerHoldTimeConfigured, bgpPeerKeepAliveConfigured
Misconfiguration of these objects can make BGP sessions more
fragile and less resilient to denial of service attacks on the
inter-domain routing system.
o bgpPeerMinASOriginationInterval,
bgpPeerMinRouteAdvertisementInterval
Misconfiguration of these objects may adversely affect global
Internet convergence of the routes advertised by this BGP
speaker. This may result in long-lived routing loops and
blackholes for the portions of the Internet that utilize these
routes.
There are a number of managed objects in this MIB that contain
sensitive information regarding the operation of a network. For
example, a BGP peer's local and remote addresses might be sensitive
for ISPs who want to keep interface addresses on routers confidential
in order to prevent router addresses used for a denial of service
attack or spoofing.
Therefore, it is important in most environments to control read
access to these objects and possibly to even encrypt the values of
these object when sending them over the network via SNMP.
SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security.
Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPsec),
even then, there is no control as to who on the secure network is
allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects
in this MIB module.
It is RECOMMENDED that implementers consider the security features as
provided by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410], section 8),
including full support for the SNMPv3 cryptographic mechanisms (for
authentication and privacy).
Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT
RECOMMENDED. Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to
enable cryptographic security. It is then a customer/operator
responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an
instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 29]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate
rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.
6. Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the assistance of all the members of the
Inter-Domain Routing Working Group, and particularly the following
individuals:
Yakov Rekhter, Juniper Networks
Rob Coltun, Redback
Guy Almes, Internet2
Jeff Honig, BSDi
Marshall T. Rose, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc.
Dennis Ferguson, Juniper Networks
Matt Mathis, PSC
John Krawczyk, Bay Networks
Curtis Villamizar, Avici
Dave LeRoy, Pencom Systems
Paul Traina, Juniper Networks
Andrew Partan, MFN
Robert Snyder, Cisco Systems
Dimitry Haskin, Nortel
Peder Chr Norgaard, Telebit Communications A/S
Joel Halpern, CTO Longitude Systems, Inc.
Nick Thille, RedBack Networks
Bert Wijnen, Lucent
Shane Wright, NextHop Technologies
Mike McFadden, Riverstone Networks, Inc.
Jon Saperia, JDS Consulting, Inc.
Wayne Tackabury, Gold Wire Technology, Inc.
Bill Fenner, AT&T Research
RJ Atkinson, Extreme Networks
Dan Romascanu, Avaya
Mathew Richardson, NextHop Technologies
The origin of this document is from RFC 1269 "Definitions of Managed
Objects for the Border Gateway Protocol (Version 3)" written by Steve
Willis and John Burruss, which was updated by John Chu to support
BGP-4 in RFC 1657. The editors wish to acknowledge the fine work of
these original authors.
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 30]
RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
7. Normative References
[BGP4] Rekhter, Y., Li, T., and S. Hares, Eds., "A Border
Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271, January 2006.
[BGP4APP] Rekhter, Y. and P. Gross, "Application of the Border
Gateway Protocol in the Internet", RFC 1772, March 1995.
[RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., and J. Schoenwaelder,
"Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)",
STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
[RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., and J. Schoenwaelder,
"Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April
1999.
[RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., and J. Schoenwaelder,
"Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580,
April 1999.
[RFC3410] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
"Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410, December 2002.
Editors' Addresses
Jeffrey Haas
NextHop Technologies
825 Victor's Way, Suite 100
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Phone: +1 734 222-1600
Fax: +1 734 222-1602
EMail: jhaas@nexthop.com
Susan Hares
NextHop Technologies
825 Victor's Way, Suite 100
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Phone: +1 734 222-1600
Fax: +1 734 222-1602
EMail: skh@nexthop.com
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 31]RFC 4273 BGP4-MIB January 2006
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Intellectual Property
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at
ietf-ipr@ietf.org.
Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF
Administrative Support Activity (IASA).
Haas & Hares Standards Track [Page 32]
